Blending of base oils and certain groups of additives is the process for obtaining a broad range of lubricating oils that are used in almost all segments of the society – industry, transportation, production, transmission of electricity, etc.
In exploitation, the oils are degraded and contaminated by various substances, so they become unusable for their initial purpose. The waste oils that they have now become are a complex mixture of different kinds of damaging and hazardous substances, like organic and inorganic compounds of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, solvents, glycol, fuel remnants, etc.
Because of their high potential to pollute and degrade the environment and their being a hazard to human health, waste oils are classified as hazardous waste according to existing legal regulations.
Their direct effects on human health may include the following:
- irritation of lung tissue due to gases that contain aldehydes, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons
- effect on the upper respiratory tract and lung tissue from chemical elements and compounds like chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, antimony, chrome, nickel, cadmium and copper
- asphyxiation effect due to a blockade of oxygen distribution in the body, caused by the high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, halogenated solvents, carbon monoxide, etc.
- lung and prostate cancer, a consequence of the presence of metals like lead, cadmium, manganese.
Some of the direct effects of waste oils on the environment are the following:
- pollution of the ground, waterways and water surfaces due to their low degradability
- forming of a thin film in contact with water, which prevents the exchange of oxygen between the water environment and the atmosphere, which has long-term damaging effects on aquatic life
- their using as fuel pollutes the atmosphere with particles and heavy metals (lead, cadmium, barium, iron), acids (HCl), sulfuric and nitrogen oxides (SOx, NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), various types of products of incomplete combustion, etc.
The stated facts show that it is extremely important to organize the collection and treatment of waste oils and thus prevent their uncontrolled release into the environment.
By definition, waste oil management consists of a group of measures, which include collection, sorting, transportation, storing and treating of waste oils, and disposal of remains after the treatment.
In the hierarchy of waste management, the re-refining of waste oils – the process in which new base oils are obtained through the physical and chemical treatment of waste oils, is far superior to other types of recycling.
The Oil Refinery Belgrade is the only one in this region that has a plant for the re-refining of waste oils, which enables the obtaining of quality base oils with the use of modern technology, which do not fall behind in quality from the base oils obtained from crude. Our decades of experience in organizing the collection of waste oils, large storage capacities and the mentioned plant make the Oil Refinery Belgrade one of the leaders in waste oil recycling in this part of Europe.
WASTE COLLECTION AND TREATMENT SERVICE
PROCEDURE FOR COLLECTION:
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The owner of waste contacts the Refinery.
On the basis of: a conversation, a test report for the waste from an authorized laboratory and the analysis of the waste in the laboratory of the Oil Refinery Belgrade, the authorized personnel of the Refinery decides about the collection. If the decision is:
positive: conditions, ways and dynamics of collection of waste are defined between the Refinery and the owner of the waste
negative: the Refinery informs the owner of the waste - Before the start of transportation of the hazardous waste (48 hours), the announcement must be made in electronic form to the Ministry in charge of environment protection.
For its clients, the Refinery creates documents about the transportation of hazardous waste and performs the announcement of its transportation, in keeping with legal regulations. Unless otherwise agreed, the transportation can also be provided by the Refinery.
The waste oil on the location of the owner must be stored either in metal drums, IBC containers or appropriate reservoirs. Oiled metal drums (200L) must not be contaminated by other types of waste, on the inside and the outside, nor deformed by more than 10%.
LICENSES:
The Oil Refinery Belgrade possesses the following recycling licenses:
1. Recycling of waste oils
Integral license for the collection and transportation of hazardous waste in the territory of the Republic of Serbia No. 19-00-00411/ 2016-16 of June 15th 2016, according to which we can collect the following types of waste:
13 01 waste hydraulic oils
13 01 01* hydraulic oils containing PCB
13 01 04* chlorinated emulsions
13 01 05* non-chlorinated emulsions
13 01 09* mineral chlorinated hydraulic oils
13 01 10* mineral non-chlorinated hydraulic oils
13 01 11* synthetic hydraulic oils
13 01 12* readily biodegradable hydraulic oils
13 01 13* other hydraulic oils
13 02 waste engine and transmission lubrication oils
13 02 04* mineral chlorinated engine and transmission lubrication oils
13 02 05* mineral non-chlorinated engine and transmission lubrication oils
13 02 06* synthetic engine and transmission lubrication oils
13 02 07* readily biodegradable engine and transmission lubrication oils
13 02 08* other engine and transmission lubrication oils
13 03 waste insulating and heat transfer oils
13 03 01* PCB containing insulating and heat transfer oils
13 03 06* mineral chlorinated insulating and heat transfer oils other than 13 03 01
13 03 07* mineral non-chlorinated insulating and heat transfer oils
13 03 08* synthetic insulating and heat transfer oils
13 03 09* readily biodegradable insulating and heat transfer oils
13 03 10* other insulating and heat transfer oils
13 04 marine oils
13 04 01* sludge oil from river ships
13 04 02* sludge oil from docking sewers
13 04 03* sludge oil from other ships
13 05 contents of oil/water separators
13 05 01* solid matter from sand traps and oil/water separators
13 05 02* sludge from oil/water separators
13 05 03* sludge from oil catchers
13 05 06* oil from oil/water separators
13 05 07* oiled water from oil/water separators
13 05 08* mixtures of waste from waste chambers and oil/water separators
13 07 liquid fuel waste
13 07 01* fuel and diesel
13 07 02* gasoline
13 07 03* other fuels (including mixtures)
13 08 waste oils that are not otherwise specified
13 08 01* sludge or emulsions from desalination
13 08 02* other emulsions
Integral license for storing and treating hazardous waste – waste oils, No. 19-00-1120/2010-02 of July 08th 2011, according to which it can store and treat the following waste oils:
13 01 10* mineral non-chlorinated hydraulic oils (waste hydraulic, circulating and turbine oils)
13 02 05* mineral non-chlorinated lubricating engine oils and transmission oils (waste engine, hypoid and reductor oils)
13 03 06* mineral chlorinated insulation and heat transfer oils other than 13 03 01 (transformer oils with PCB content <5ppm)
13 03 07* mineral non-chlorinated insulation and heat transfer oils (heat transfer oils)
2. Recycling of oiled waste metal packaging (200L drums)
Integral license for the collection and transportation of hazardous waste packaging in the territory of the Republic of Serbia No. 19-00-00035/ 2013-05 of January 31st 2013, for
15 01 10* packaging that contains remains of hazardous substances or is contaminated by hazardous substances
Integral license for storing and treating hazardous waste – metal waste packaging on the operator’s location No. 19-00-00387/2012-02 of September 25th 2012, for:
15 01 10* packaging that contains remains of hazardous substances or is contaminated by hazardous substances